The chemical industry is a key component of today's society and supplies essential materials for each application. Chemicals are the building blocks of our world, whether they're ordinary consumer goods or industrial processes. In this blog, let us look at some fundamental aspects, market size, India's chemical industry, types of chemicals and the environment.
Petrochemicals: The Backbone of Modern Chemistry
Petrochemicals are building blocks of the chemical industry. These compounds are used as raw materials in a wide range of products derived from fossil fuels including coal, natural gas, and petroleum. There's some major petrochemicals here:
- Ethylene: Ethylene is the primary source of polyethylene and other polymers used generally in the manufacturing of plastics.
- Propylene: Polypropylene and other plastics are also produced an important monomer, propylene.
- Benzene: Benzene is an aromatic compound that is a precursor to chemicals such as styrene, phenol, and nylon.
Inorganic Chemicals: Acids, Alkalis, and More
A range of compounds are covered by inorganic chemicals. Some of the most important examples are given below:
- Ammonia (NH?): Ammonia is vital for agriculture, which mainly uses it as a fertilizer.
- Chlorine (Cl?) and Caustic Soda (NaOH): The process of chlor-alkali is used to produce these chemicals. Chlorine is used in water treatment, plastics, and pharmaceuticals, and sodium hydroxide serves as a strong base in various industries.
- Sulfuric Acid (H?SO?): Known as the “king of chemicals,” sulfuric acid has diverse applications, including battery manufacturing, metal processing, and fertilizers.
Specialty Chemicals: Tailored Solutions
For specific purposes and uses, specialty chemicals are formulated. They include:
- Dyes and Colorants: Used in textiles, paints, and cosmetics, these chemicals add vibrancy to our lives.
- Flame Retardants: In materials such as furniture, electronics and constructions, it is essential to ensure the safety of fire.
- Industrial Gases: For welding, medical applications and food preservation, oxygen, nitrogen and argon are needed.
- Pharmaceutical Intermediates: These compounds have a fundamental role to play in the synthesis of drugs.
Indian Chemical Industry
- In India, the market size of chemicals and petrochemicals is estimated to be around USD 215 billion. It is expected to grow to USD 300 billion by 2025. (Courtesy: Invest India)
- In India, the chemicals industry is much diversified and covers more than 80 000 business products. The bulk chemicals, specialty chemicals, agrochemicals, petrochemicals, polymers and fertilizers are broadly classified. Economies of scale are created by India's proximity to the Middle East, which is a world leader in petrochemical feedstock.
- India is the world's largest supplier of dyestuffs and intermediates, accounting for approximately 16% of the world's production. Except for a few dangerous chemicals, the chemical industry in India has ceased to be licensed.
- Upcoming Petroleum and Plastic parks will provide state-of-the-art infrastructure for Chemicals and Petrochemicals sector.
Facts about Chemical industry (Courtesy: Invest India)
- The production of Total Major Chemicals and Petrochemicals in 2022-23 is 26570 thousand MT.
- During the period from 2017-18 to 2021-22, compound annual growth rate is 4.61% for total chemical and petrochemical production.
- India is ranked 11th in the world in terms of exports of chemicals, excluding pharmaceutical chemicals, and 6th in terms of imports of chemicals, excluding pharmaceutical products.
Chemxpert Database
The Chemxpert Database, a FDA drug database is a vital resource spanning various industries related to chemicals. It offers insights into pharmaceuticals, including APIs, clinical trials, and regulatory aspects. Additionally, it covers the agrochemical industry, providing data on agrochemical actives, formulations, and intermediates. Beyond that, it encompasses other sectors like automobile chemicals, cosmetics, food additives, and more. It provides detailed insights on various chemicals including ammonia, sulphuric acid, ethylene, propylene, chlorine, etc.
Conclusion
In the 21st century, chemical industry is essential to society and supplies materials for a wide range of uses. The main role is played by petrochemicals, incomprehension chemicals and specialty chemicals as India's market size and growth are globally important. However, the need for effective and sustainable management to achieve a greener future is emphasized by concerns on the environment.
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